Historical Indicators of Chronic Stuttering:

Is there a history of chronic stuttering in the family?

Is the severity of your child's stuttering increasing?

Did the stuttering begin with abrupt stoppages of voice rather than with easy sound repetitions?

Has your child's stuttering persisted since it was first observed (as opposed to being episodic with long periods of normal speech)?

Has your child stuttered for two or more years?

Attitudinal Indicators of Chronic Stuttering:

Does your child perceive himself or herself to be a stutterer?

Does your child experience communicative fear because of stuttering?

Does your child believe his stuttering is getting worse?

Does your child avoid speaking situations?

Does your child express anger or frustration because of stuttering?

Do sound prolongations (e.g. "ssssso") or hesitations occur?

Are your child's speech repetitions more frequently whole word or phrase repetitions (e.g. mom, mom, mom) rather than part-word repetitions, (e.g. m-m-mom)?

Do the part-word repetitions occur more than three times on the same word?

Do syllable repetitions seem fast?

Is the "uh" vowel inappropriately inserted in the syllable repetition, (e.g. muh, muh, man)?

Is the air flow during speech repetitions often interrupted?

Do sound prolongations last longer than one second?

Do sound prolongations occur on more than one word in a hundred during periods of stuttering?

Are the sound prolongations uneven or interrupted as opposed to being smooth?

Is there observable tension during the sound prolongations?

Are sound prolongations stopped suddenly as opposed to gradually?

During sound prolongations is the airflow interrupted on voiced sounds (e.g. b, g .v)?

Are there long silent pauses prior to speech attempts?

Is the voice monotone or lacking in pitch variation?

Is there loss of eye contact during stuttering?

Are there extra facial or body movements (e.g. eye twitching, arm jerking) during stuttering episodes?